Vesical Calculi

Acute

What is Vesical Calculi ?

Vesical calculi, also known as bladder stones, are small, hard mineral deposits that form in the bladder.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of vesical calculi include:
  • Painful urination
  • Frequent urination
  • Urgent need to urinate
  • Blood in urine
  • Abdominal pain or discomfort
  • Difficulty starting or stopping urine flow

Complaints

Patients with vesical calculi may complain of:
  • Intermittent pain or discomfort
  • Painful urination
  • Frequent urination
  • Urgent need to urinate
  • Abdominal pain or discomfort

Causes

Vesical calculi can be caused by:
  • Concentrated urine
  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
  • Bladder obstruction or blockage
  • Certain medical conditions (e.g., kidney disease, gout)
  • Medications (e.g., diuretics)

Risk Factors

Certain individuals are more susceptible to vesical calculi, including:
  • Men
  • Individuals with urinary tract infections (UTIs)
  • People with certain medical conditions (e.g., kidney disease, gout)
  • Those who are dehydrated or have a diet high in certain minerals

Prevention

While prevention is not always possible, maintaining a healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk:
  • Drinking plenty of water
  • Eating a balanced diet
  • Avoiding certain foods (e.g., high-oxalate foods)
  • Managing underlying medical conditions

Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves:
  • Imaging studies (e.g., ultrasound, CT scan)
  • Urinalysis (urine test)
  • Medical history and physical examination

Treatment

Treatment options depend on the size and location of the stone:
  • Pain management (e.g., medication)
  • Hydration and fluid intake
  • Surgery (e.g., cystolithotomy)
  • Endoscopic procedures (e.g., cystoscopy)
  • Lithotripsy (breaking up the stone)

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