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Thyroid Nodules

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What is Thyroid nodules ?

Thyroid nodules are abnormal growths of thyroid cells that form lumps in the thyroid gland. They're relatively common, especially in women and people over 50. Most thyroid nodules are benign (non-cancerous), but some can be cancerous.

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Symptoms

Many thyroid nodules don't cause symptoms and are found during routine exams or imaging tests.

Some nodules can cause

  • Swelling or lump in the neck
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Hoarseness or voice changes
  • Pain in the neck or throat

Causes

The exact cause is often unknown, but risk factors include:
  • Family history of thyroid nodules or cancer
  • Radiation exposure to the head or neck
  • Iodine deficiency
  • Certain genetic conditions

Diagnosis

  • Physical examination
  • Imaging tests (ultrasound, CT, or MRI)
  • Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) to check for cancer cells

Treatment

  • Most benign nodules don't require treatment, but monitoring is recommended.
  • Some nodules may require
  • Surgery (thyroidectomy) to remove the nodule or entire thyroid gland
  • Radioactive iodine treatment to shrink the nodule
  • Thyroid hormone medication to suppress nodule growth

Prevention

While it's not possible to completely prevent thyroid nodules, some lifestyle changes and dietary modifications may help reduce the risk:
Dietary changes:
  • Adequate iodine intake: Consume iodized salt, seafood, and dairy products.
  • Eat foods rich in antioxidants: Fruits, vegetables
Lifestyle modifications:
  • Maintain a healthy weight: Obesity may increase the risk of thyroid nodules.
  • Don't smoke: Smoking may increase the risk of thyroid problems.
  • Manage stress: Chronic stress may affect thyroid function.
Regular check-ups:
  • Annual physical exams: Monitor thyroid health.
  • Thyroid function tests: Check for abnormalities.
Genetic screening:
  • Family history: If you have a family history of thyroid nodules or cancer, consider genetic screening.
  • Limit radiation exposure:
  • Avoid unnecessary radiation: Limit medical imaging tests that use radiation.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

While these measures may help reduce the risk, it's essential to consult with am Endocrine surgeon for personalized advice.

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Consult with experienced Doctors

MGMCH is home to some of the most eminent doctors in the world, most of whom are pioneers in their respective arenas and are renowned for developing
innovative and revolutionary procedures

  • Management Team
    Dr. Sapana Bothra Jain

    Professor & HOD

    Experience8years

    QualificationMBBS, MS (General surgery), MCh Endocrine and Breast Surgery (SGPGIMS Lucknow)

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