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Constipation

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Acute

What is Constipation ?

Constipation in older adults is a common problem, defined as infrequent bowel movements (fewer than three per week) or difficulty passing stools. It can significantly affect comfort, health, and quality of life.

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Symptoms

  • Hard, dry, or lumpy stools
  • Straining during bowel movements
  • Feeling of incomplete evacuation
  • Abdominal discomfort or bloating

Complications

  • Hemorrhoids
  • Anal fissures
  • Fecal impaction
  • Rectal prolapse
  • Reduced appetite and general discomfort
  • Decreased Quality of life

Causes

  • Slower bowel motility due to aging
  • Dehydration
  • Low fiber diet
  • Physical inactivity
  • Side effects of medications (e.g., opioids, anticholinergics)
  • Chronic conditions (e.g., Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, hypothyroidism)

Prevention

  • High-fiber diet (fruits, vegetables, whole grains)
  • Adequate fluid intake
  • Regular physical activity
  • Establishing a routine bowel habit
  • Reviewing and managing medications with a healthcare provider

Risk Factors

  • Advanced age
  • Sedentary lifestyle
  • Poor diet
  • Certain medications
  • Underlying medical conditions

Treatment

  • Dietary changes (increased fiber and fluids)
  • Regular exercise
  • Use of bulk-forming laxatives (e.g., psyllium) or stool softeners
  • Review by a geriatrician for cause evaluation and management

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?
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