Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

Acute

What is Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)?

Sudden decline in renal function with waste accumulation.

Symptoms

Oliguria, fluid overload, electrolyte imbalance.

Risk Factors

Sepsis, nephrotoxins, elderly, CKD.

Complications

Hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis.

Prevention

Adequate hydration, avoid nephrotoxic drugs.

Procedures

Treat underlying cause, stop nephrotoxins, dialysis if severe, electrolyte correction.

How is it diagnosed?

How is it diagnosed?

Antibody deficiency disorders have a better prognosis if they can be treated with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) or subcutaneous infusions once a week. The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics can improve life expectancy.

How is it treated?

Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia is vital. It varies with the patient and stage of the disease. Treatment options include

IgD. Immunoglobulin D (IgD) is primarily found on the surface of B lymphocytes where it functions as a receptor for antigen. IgD does not bind complement or cells through the Fc receptor. A small amount of IgD is secreted accounting for about 0.25 per cent of the total serum immunoglobulins (Vladutiu, 2000).

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